騒擾のオランダ 幕末京都で描かれた再洗礼派蜂起と八十年戦争

Disturbances in the Netherlands : The Anabaptist Uprising and the Eighty Years' War Drawn in Kyoto at the End of the Edo Period

本稿は幕末の京都で活躍した銅版画家、松本保居 (初代玄々堂、1786-1867) と岡田春燈斎 (生没年不詳) によるふたつの西洋市街風景図とその西洋製原図について紹介するものである。これらには画題などは一切記されておらず、描かれているのがどこの都市の、どのような歴史的事象なのか、まったく知られていなかった。本稿では、その本来の主題が、16世紀ネーデルラントの再洗礼派蜂起と八十年戦争の場面であることを実証し、これを模した幕末京都の銅版画家が目にしていた可能性のある舶来書籍についても言及する。

This article introduces two etching prints that depict Western city scenes by two etchers active in Kyoto at the end or the Edo period, Matsumoto Yasuoki (GentodoⅠ, 1786-1867) and Okada Shuntosai (date of birth and death unknown), and the Western etchings they referred to. Each of these Japanese etching prints depicts a large building with landmark features, but also depicts an imminent situation that could be considered an urban war. There is no title on them, and it is not at all known what cities or historical events are depicted in them. This article presents recently discovered Western prints that closely resemble these Japanese etchings, demonstrating that their original subject matter depicts two historical events that shook the sixteenth-century Netherlandsーthe Anabaptist uprising in Amsterdam and William Stanley's treachery at Deventer during the Eighty Years' War (De Tachtigjarige Oorlog). These Western prints also appear as illustrations in Dutch history books, and this article will mention the possibility that these books were seen by the two etchers of Kyoto at the end of the Edo period.